feat(ast, ir. sema): Add storage class

.vscode/launch.json

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
+    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
+    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
+    "version": "0.2.0",
+    "configurations": [
+        {
+            "name": "Debug executable 'compiler'",
+            "type": "lldb",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "cargo": {
+                "args": [
+                    "run",
+                    "--bin=compiler"
+                ]
+            },
+            "args": []
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "Debug unit tests in executable 'compiler'",
+            "type": "lldb",
+            "request": "launch",
+            "cargo": {
+                "args": [
+                    "test",
+                    "--bin=compiler"
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}

src/ast/_types/typ.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+use crate::diagnostic::span::Span;
+
+pub struct Type {
+    span: Span,
+    kind: TypeKind,
+}
+
+pub enum TypeKind {
+    Builtin(BuiltinType),
+    Array(ArrayType),
+}
+
+pub struct BuiltinType {
+    span: Span,
+    kind: BuiltinTypeKind,
+}
+
+pub enum BuiltinTypeKind {
+    Int,
+    Void,
+}
+
+pub struct ArrayType {
+    span: Span,
+    element_type: Box<Type>,
+    dimensions: Vec<ArrayDimension>,
+}
+
+pub struct ArrayDimension {
+    span: Span,
+    size: Option<Expr>,
+}

src/ast/parser/decl.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 use crate::{
     ast::err::ParseError,
     ast::types::{
-        ArrayDimension, CompileUnit, Expr, FuncDeclStmt, GlobalDeclStmt, Param, VarDeclStmt,
+        ArrayDimension, CompileUnit, Expr, FuncDeclStmt, GlobalDeclStmt, Param, StorageClass,
-        VarDeclStmtValue,
+        VarDeclStmt, VarDeclStmtValue,
     },
     diagnostic::span::Span,
     lexer::types::{TokenValue, TypeIdent},
@@ -10,13 +10,8 @@ use crate::{
 
 use super::{ParseProcessError, ParseType, Parser};
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
-enum StorageClass {
-    Static,
-}
-
 struct DeclSpecifiers {
-    _storage_class: Option<StorageClass>,
+    storage_class: Option<StorageClass>,
     type_specifier: TypeIdent,
     type_span: Span,
 }
@@ -111,7 +106,7 @@ impl Parser {
         };
 
         Ok(DeclSpecifiers {
-            _storage_class: storage_class,
+            storage_class,
             type_specifier,
             type_span: type_token.span,
         })
@@ -183,13 +178,13 @@ impl Parser {
                 self.advance(1);
                 span
             }
-            TokenValue::Eof => {
+            // TokenValue::Eof => {
-                self.diagnostics.add_from_frontend_error(
+            //     self.diagnostics.add_from_frontend_error(
-                    ParseError::ExpectedBefore(TokenValue::Eof, "`]`"),
+            //         ParseError::ExpectedBefore(TokenValue::Eof, "`]`"),
-                    start_span,
+            //         start_span,
-                );
+            //     );
-                return Err(ParseProcessError::ErrorInMatch);
+            //     return Err(ParseProcessError::ErrorInMatch);
-            }
+            // }
             _ => {
                 let token = self.next();
                 self.diagnostics.add_from_frontend_error(
@@ -279,6 +274,7 @@ impl Parser {
         let body = self.parse_block_stmt(ParseType::MustParse)?;
         Ok(FuncDeclStmt {
             return_type: specifiers.type_specifier.into(),
+            storage_class: specifiers.storage_class,
             name,
             params,
             body,
@@ -292,21 +288,10 @@ impl Parser {
         specifiers: DeclSpecifiers,
         first_declarator: Declarator,
         consume_semicolon: bool,
-        allow_empty_declarator_list: bool,
+        _allow_empty_declarator_list: bool,
     ) -> Result<VarDeclStmt, ParseProcessError> {
         let mut values = vec![];
 
-        if self.peek().value == TokenValue::Semicolon && allow_empty_declarator_list {
-            if consume_semicolon {
-                self.advance(1);
-            }
-            return Ok(VarDeclStmt {
-                values,
-                type_span: specifiers.type_span,
-                data_type: specifiers.type_specifier.into(),
-            });
-        }
-
         let initializer = self.parse_initializer()?;
         values.push(self.init_declarator_to_var_value(InitDeclarator {
             declarator: first_declarator,
@@ -328,6 +313,7 @@ impl Parser {
         }
 
         Ok(VarDeclStmt {
+            storage_class: specifiers.storage_class,
             values,
             type_span: specifiers.type_span,
             data_type: specifiers.type_specifier.into(),

src/ast/parser/expr.rs

@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ impl Parser {
                 } else {                   
                     IncDecOp::Dec
                 };
-                let end_span = self.peek_n(1).span;
+                let end_span = self.peek().span;
-                self.advance(2);
+                self.advance(1);
                 expr = Expr {
                     span: Span::from_two(expr.span, end_span),
                     value: ExprValue::IncDec {

src/ast/types.rs

@@ -8,9 +8,13 @@ pub enum GlobalDeclStmt {
     VarDecl(VarDeclStmt),
     FuncDecl(FuncDeclStmt),
 }
-
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum StorageClass {
+    Static,
+}
 pub struct VarDeclStmt {
     pub values: Vec<VarDeclStmtValue>,
+    pub storage_class: Option<StorageClass>,
     pub data_type: Type,
     pub type_span: Span,
 }
@@ -28,6 +32,7 @@ pub struct ArrayDimension {
 
 pub struct FuncDeclStmt {
     pub name: String,
+    pub storage_class: Option<StorageClass>,
     pub return_type: Type,
     pub params: Vec<Param>,
     pub body: BlockStmt,

src/ir/generator.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::{collections::BTreeMap, vec};
 
-use crate::{ir::types::{BinaryOp as IRBinaryOp, CmpOp, Function, IRInstr, IRType, MoveRValue, UnaryOp, Variable, VariableOrIntLit, VariableType}, sema::{analyzer::Analyzer as SemaAnalyzer, hir::{HirBlockStmt, HirBreakStmt, HirCompileUnit, HirContinueStmt, HirExpr, HirExprValue, HirForInit, HirForStmt, HirFuncDeclStmt, HirGlobalDeclStmt, HirIfElseBranch, HirIfStmt, HirReturnStmt, HirStatement, HirVarDeclStmt, HirWhileStmt}, symbol::{FunctionId, SymbolId}}};
+use crate::{ir::types::{BinaryOp as IRBinaryOp, CmpOp, Function, IRInstr, IRType, MoveRValue, UnaryOp, Variable, VariableOrIntLit, VariableType}, sema::{analyzer::Analyzer as SemaAnalyzer, hir::{HirBlockStmt, HirBreakStmt, HirCompileUnit, HirContinueStmt, HirExpr, HirExprValue, HirForInit, HirForStmt, HirFuncDeclStmt, HirGlobalDeclStmt, HirIfElseBranch, HirIfStmt, HirReturnStmt, HirStatement, HirVarDeclStmt, HirWhileStmt}, symbol::{FunctionId, SymbolId, SymbolKind}}};
 use crate::ast::types::BinaryOp as AstBinaryOp;
 use crate::ast::types::UnaryOp as AstUnaryOp;
 pub struct Generator<'a> {
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub struct Generator<'a> {
     // if child expr isn't logical, we need to do cmp to decide which label to goto
     while_exit_label: Vec<(usize, usize)>, // continue exit, break exit
     func_exit: Option<(usize, Option<Variable>)>, // (label, return_var)
+    extra_global_instrs: Vec<IRInstr>,
     label_counter: usize
 }
 
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ impl<'a> Generator<'a> {
             current_exit_label: vec![],
             while_exit_label: vec![],
             func_exit: None,
+            extra_global_instrs: vec![],
             label_counter: 0,
         }
     }
@@ -55,7 +57,10 @@ impl<'a> Generator<'a> {
                     instrs.extend(self.generate_var_decl(var_decl, true));
                 }
                 FuncDecl(func_decl) => {
-                    instrs.extend(self.generate_func_decl(func_decl));
+                    let extra_global_start = self.extra_global_instrs.len();
+                    let func_instrs = self.generate_func_decl(func_decl);
+                    instrs.extend(self.extra_global_instrs.drain(extra_global_start..));
+                    instrs.extend(func_instrs);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -65,10 +70,18 @@ impl<'a> Generator<'a> {
     fn generate_var_decl(&mut self, var_decl: HirVarDeclStmt, is_global: bool) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         for value in var_decl.values {
-            let var_type = if is_global { VariableType::Global } else { VariableType::Local };
+            let symbol_kind = self.sema.get_symbol_kind(value.symbol);
+            let has_static_storage = is_global || symbol_kind == SymbolKind::StaticLocal || value.is_static_local;
+            let var_type = if has_static_storage { VariableType::Global } else { VariableType::Local };
             let var = self.var_manager.declare_symbol(value.symbol, var_type, self.sema.get_symbol_type(value.symbol).into());
+            if has_static_storage {
+                let init = value.value.as_ref().and_then(|expr| Self::const_init_value(expr));
+                let decl = IRInstr::DeclareGlobal(var, init);
                 if is_global {
-                instrs.push(IRInstr::Declare(var));
+                    instrs.push(decl);
+                } else {
+                    self.extra_global_instrs.push(decl);
+                }
             } else if let Some(init) = value.value {
                 self.current_exit_label.push(None);
                 let (init_instrs, init_var) = match self.generate_expr(init) {
@@ -88,6 +101,40 @@ impl<'a> Generator<'a> {
         instrs
     }
 
+    fn const_init_value(expr: &HirExpr) -> Option<i32> {
+        match &expr.value {
+            HirExprValue::IntLit(value) => Some(*value as i32),
+            HirExprValue::UnaryOp { op, operand } => {
+                let value = Self::const_init_value(operand)?;
+                match op {
+                    AstUnaryOp::Add => Some(value),
+                    AstUnaryOp::Sub => value.checked_neg(),
+                    AstUnaryOp::Not => Some((value == 0) as i32),
+                }
+            }
+            HirExprValue::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
+                let lhs = Self::const_init_value(lhs)?;
+                let rhs = Self::const_init_value(rhs)?;
+                match op {
+                    AstBinaryOp::Add => lhs.checked_add(rhs),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Sub => lhs.checked_sub(rhs),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Mul => lhs.checked_mul(rhs),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Div => lhs.checked_div(rhs),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Mod => lhs.checked_rem(rhs),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Equal => Some((lhs == rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::NotEqual => Some((lhs != rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Less => Some((lhs < rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::LessEqual => Some((lhs <= rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Greater => Some((lhs > rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::GreaterEqual => Some((lhs >= rhs) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::And => Some((lhs != 0 && rhs != 0) as i32),
+                    AstBinaryOp::Or => Some((lhs != 0 || rhs != 0) as i32),
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     fn generate_func_decl(&mut self, func_decl: HirFuncDeclStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let parameters: Vec<Variable> = func_decl.params.iter()
             .map(|param| self.var_manager.declare_symbol(param.symbol, VariableType::Local, param.param_type.clone().into()))

src/ir/types.rs

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ impl Display for VariableOrIntLit {
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub enum IRInstr {
     Declare(Variable),
+    DeclareGlobal(Variable, Option<i32>),
     DefineFunc(Function, Vec<Variable>, Vec<IRInstr>),
     Entry,
     Binary(Variable, Variable, BinaryOp, Variable),
@@ -54,6 +55,8 @@ impl Display for IRInstr {
             IRInstr::Load(dest, addr) => write!(f, "{} = *{}", dest, addr),
             IRInstr::Store(addr, value) => write!(f, "*{} = {}", addr, value),
             IRInstr::Declare(var) => write!(f, "declare {}", var.to_decl_string()),
+            IRInstr::DeclareGlobal(var, Some(init)) => write!(f, "declare {} = {}", var.to_decl_string(), init),
+            IRInstr::DeclareGlobal(var, None) => write!(f, "declare {}", var.to_decl_string()),
             IRInstr::DefineFunc(func, args, body) => {
                 let body_str = body.iter().map(|instr| format!("  {}", instr)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n");
                 write!(f, "define {} {{\n{}\n}}", func.to_decl_string(args), body_str)

src/sema/analyzer.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::collections::BTreeMap;
 use crate::{
     ast::types::{
         ArrayDimension, BinaryOp, BlockStmt, BreakStmt, CompileUnit, ContinueStmt, Expr, ExprValue, ForInit, ForStmt, FuncDeclStmt,
-        GlobalDeclStmt, IfElseBranch, IfStmt, ReturnStmt, Statement, VarDeclStmt, WhileStmt,
+        GlobalDeclStmt, IfElseBranch, IfStmt, ReturnStmt, Statement, StorageClass, VarDeclStmt, WhileStmt,
     },
     diagnostic::{span::Span, Diagnositics},
     sema::{
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ impl Analyzer {
         analyzer.declare_builtin_func("putch", vec![SemaType::I32], SemaType::Void);
         analyzer.declare_builtin_func("putarray", vec![SemaType::I32, SemaType::Array(Box::new(SemaType::I32), vec![0])], SemaType::Void);
         analyzer.declare_builtin_func("getint", vec![], SemaType::I32);
+        analyzer.declare_builtin_func("getch", vec![], SemaType::I32);
         analyzer.declare_builtin_func("getarray", vec![SemaType::Array(Box::new(SemaType::I32), vec![0])], SemaType::I32);
         analyzer
     }
@@ -100,13 +101,33 @@ impl Analyzer {
 
     fn analyze_var_decl(&mut self, var_decl: VarDeclStmt, kind: SymbolKind) -> HirVarDeclStmt {
         let base_type: SemaType = var_decl.data_type.into();
+        let is_static_local = kind == SymbolKind::Local && var_decl.storage_class == Some(StorageClass::Static);
+        let has_static_storage = kind == SymbolKind::Global || is_static_local;
+        let actual_kind = if is_static_local {
+            SymbolKind::StaticLocal
+        } else {
+            kind
+        };
         let mut values = vec![];
         for value in var_decl.values {
             let data_type = self.build_var_type(base_type.clone(), &value.dimensions, false);
-            match self.symbols.declare_variable(&value.name, kind, data_type) {
+            let initializer_is_not_constant = has_static_storage
+                && value
+                    .value
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .is_some_and(|expr| Self::eval_const_expr(expr).is_none());
+            if initializer_is_not_constant {
+                if let Some(expr) = &value.value {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::InitializerNotConstant, expr.span);
+                }
+            }
+            match self.symbols.declare_variable(&value.name, actual_kind, data_type) {
                 Ok(symbol) => {
                     let symbol_type = self.symbols.get_symbol(symbol).ty.clone();
-                    let init = value.value.and_then(|expr| {
+                    let init = if initializer_is_not_constant {
+                        None
+                    } else {
+                        value.value.and_then(|expr| {
                         let span = expr.span;
                         let init = self.analyze_expr(expr)?;
                         if init.ty == SemaType::Void {
@@ -115,11 +136,13 @@ impl Analyzer {
                             self.add_error(SemaError::TypeMismatch(symbol_type.clone(), init.ty.clone()), span);
                         }
                         Some(init)
-                    });
+                        })
+                    };
                     values.push(HirVarDeclStmtValue {
                         symbol,
                         name_span: value.name_span,
                         value: init,
+                        is_static_local,
                     });
                 }
                 Err(e) => self.add_error(e, value.name_span),
@@ -183,6 +206,40 @@ impl Analyzer {
         })
     }
 
+    fn eval_const_expr(expr: &Expr) -> Option<i32> {
+        match &expr.value {
+            ExprValue::IntLit(value) => i32::try_from(*value).ok(),
+            ExprValue::UnaryOp { op, operand } => {
+                let value = Self::eval_const_expr(operand)?;
+                match op {
+                    crate::ast::types::UnaryOp::Add => Some(value),
+                    crate::ast::types::UnaryOp::Sub => value.checked_neg(),
+                    crate::ast::types::UnaryOp::Not => Some((value == 0) as i32),
+                }
+            }
+            ExprValue::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
+                let lhs = Self::eval_const_expr(lhs)?;
+                let rhs = Self::eval_const_expr(rhs)?;
+                match op {
+                    BinaryOp::Add => lhs.checked_add(rhs),
+                    BinaryOp::Sub => lhs.checked_sub(rhs),
+                    BinaryOp::Mul => lhs.checked_mul(rhs),
+                    BinaryOp::Div => lhs.checked_div(rhs),
+                    BinaryOp::Mod => lhs.checked_rem(rhs),
+                    BinaryOp::Equal => Some((lhs == rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::NotEqual => Some((lhs != rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::Less => Some((lhs < rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::LessEqual => Some((lhs <= rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::Greater => Some((lhs > rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::GreaterEqual => Some((lhs >= rhs) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::And => Some((lhs != 0 && rhs != 0) as i32),
+                    BinaryOp::Or => Some((lhs != 0 || rhs != 0) as i32),
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
     fn build_var_type(&mut self, base_type: SemaType, dimensions: &[ArrayDimension], is_param: bool) -> SemaType {
         if dimensions.is_empty() {
             return base_type;
@@ -218,6 +275,13 @@ impl Analyzer {
         HirBlockStmt { statements }
     }
 
+    fn analyze_scoped_block_stmt(&mut self, block_stmt: BlockStmt) -> HirBlockStmt {
+        self.symbols.enter_scope();
+        let block = self.analyze_block_stmt(block_stmt);
+        self.symbols.exit_scope();
+        block
+    }
+
     fn analyze_statement(&mut self, stmt: Statement) -> Option<HirStatement> {
         match stmt {
             Statement::Return(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::Return(self.analyze_return_stmt(stmt))),
@@ -273,16 +337,16 @@ impl Analyzer {
 
     fn analyze_if_stmt(&mut self, if_stmt: IfStmt) -> HirIfStmt {
         let condition = self.analyze_condition_expr(if_stmt.condition);
-        let then_branch = self.analyze_block_stmt(if_stmt.then_branch);
+        let then_branch = self.analyze_scoped_block_stmt(if_stmt.then_branch);
         let mut ifelse_branch = vec![];
         for branch in if_stmt.ifelse_branch {
             let IfElseBranch { condition, then_branch } = branch;
             ifelse_branch.push(HirIfElseBranch {
                 condition: self.analyze_condition_expr(condition),
-                then_branch: self.analyze_block_stmt(then_branch),
+                then_branch: self.analyze_scoped_block_stmt(then_branch),
             });
         }
-        let else_branch = if_stmt.else_branch.map(|block| self.analyze_block_stmt(block));
+        let else_branch = if_stmt.else_branch.map(|block| self.analyze_scoped_block_stmt(block));
         HirIfStmt {
             condition,
             then_branch,
@@ -294,7 +358,7 @@ impl Analyzer {
     fn analyze_while_stmt(&mut self, while_stmt: WhileStmt) -> HirWhileStmt {
         let condition = self.analyze_condition_expr(while_stmt.condition);
         self.loop_depth += 1;
-        let body = self.analyze_block_stmt(while_stmt.body);
+        let body = self.analyze_scoped_block_stmt(while_stmt.body);
         self.loop_depth -= 1;
         HirWhileStmt {
             condition,
@@ -311,7 +375,7 @@ impl Analyzer {
         let condition = for_stmt.condition.map(|expr| self.analyze_condition_expr(expr));
         let update = for_stmt.update.and_then(|expr| self.analyze_expr(expr));
         self.loop_depth += 1;
-        let body = self.analyze_block_stmt(for_stmt.body);
+        let body = self.analyze_scoped_block_stmt(for_stmt.body);
         self.loop_depth -= 1;
         self.symbols.exit_scope();
         HirForStmt {

src/sema/err.rs

@@ -36,4 +36,6 @@ pub enum SemaError {
     InvalidArrayDimension,
     #[error("subscripted value is not an array or pointer")]
     NotSubscriptable,
+    #[error("initializer element is not constant")]
+    InitializerNotConstant,
 }

src/sema/hir.rs

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ pub struct HirVarDeclStmtValue {
     pub symbol: SymbolId,
     pub name_span: Span,
     pub value: Option<HirExpr>,
+    pub is_static_local: bool,
 }
 
 pub struct HirFuncDeclStmt {

src/sema/symbol.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ pub enum SymbolKind {
     Global,
     Local,
     Param,
+    StaticLocal,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]