refactor(sema): Separated from ir

src/backend/mod.rs

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::utils::case_list::CaseList;
     use crate::utils::num_sequence::NumberSequence;
     use crate::ir::generator::Generator as IRGenerator;
+    use crate::sema::analyzer::Analyzer;
     pub use super::generator::Generator as ASMGenerator;
     fn test_case(case_str: &str) {
         let case_sequence = NumberSequence::from_str(case_str).unwrap();
@@ -49,12 +50,14 @@ mod tests {
                 parser.diagnostics.print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
                 is_error = true;
             }
-            let mut generator = IRGenerator::new();
+            let mut analyzer = Analyzer::new();
-            let ir = generator.emit(compile_unit);
+            let hir = analyzer.analyze(compile_unit);
-            // if !generator.diagnostic.is_empty() {
+            if !analyzer.get_diagnostics().is_empty() {
-            //     generator.diagnostic.print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
+                analyzer.get_diagnostics().print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
-            //     is_error = true;
+                is_error = true;
-            // }
+            }
+            let mut generator = IRGenerator::new(&analyzer);
+            let ir = generator.emit(hir);
             let mut asm_generator = ASMGenerator::new();
             asm_generator.emit(ir);
             let asm_text = asm_generator.to_text();
@@ -82,4 +85,4 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_func() {
         test_case("12-13,58-60");
     }
-}
+}

src/err.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 use thiserror::Error;
 
-use crate::frontend::err::FrontendError;
+use crate::{frontend::err::FrontendError, sema::err::SemaError};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Error)]
 pub enum CompileError {
     #[error(transparent)]
     Frontend(#[from] FrontendError),
-}
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Sema(#[from] SemaError),
+}

src/ir/generator.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-use std::{collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet}, vec};
+use std::{collections::BTreeMap, vec};
 
-use crate::{ast::types::{BlockStmt, BreakStmt, CompileUnit, ContinueStmt, Expr, ExprValue, FuncDeclStmt, GlobalDeclStmt, IfElseBranch, IfStmt, ReturnStmt, Statement, VarDeclStmt, WhileStmt}, diagnostic::Diagnositics, ir::{err::IRError, types::{BinaryOp, CmpOp, Function, IRInstr, IRType, MoveRValue, UnaryOp, Variable, VariableOrIntLit, VariableType}}};
+use crate::{ir::types::{BinaryOp, CmpOp, Function, IRInstr, IRType, MoveRValue, UnaryOp, Variable, VariableOrIntLit, VariableType}, sema::{analyzer::Analyzer as SemaAnalyzer, hir::{HirBlockStmt, HirBreakStmt, HirCompileUnit, HirContinueStmt, HirExpr, HirExprValue, HirFuncDeclStmt, HirGlobalDeclStmt, HirIfElseBranch, HirIfStmt, HirReturnStmt, HirStatement, HirVarDeclStmt, HirWhileStmt}, symbol::{FunctionId, SymbolId}}};
 use crate::ast::types::BinaryOp as AstBinaryOp;
 use crate::ast::types::UnaryOp as AstUnaryOp;
-pub struct Generator {
+pub struct Generator<'a> {
+    sema: &'a SemaAnalyzer,
     var_manager: VariableManager,
-    function_map: BTreeMap<String, Function>,
-    current_func_return_type: Option<IRType>,
-    diagnostic: Diagnositics,
     current_exit_label: Vec<Option<(usize, usize)>>, // true exit, false exit
     // About exit label passing:
     // for non-logical parent expr, current_exit_label is None
@@ -19,24 +17,11 @@ pub struct Generator {
     label_counter: usize
 }
 
-impl Generator {
+impl<'a> Generator<'a> {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
+    pub fn new(sema: &'a SemaAnalyzer) -> Self {
-        let mut function_map = BTreeMap::new();
-        function_map.insert("putint".to_string(), Function {
-            name: "putint".to_string(),
-            parameter_types: vec![IRType::I32],
-            return_type: IRType::Void,
-        });
-        function_map.insert("getint".to_string(), Function {
-            name: "getint".to_string(),
-            parameter_types: vec![],
-            return_type: IRType::I32,
-        });
         Self {
+            sema,
             var_manager: VariableManager::new(),
-            current_func_return_type: None,
-            diagnostic: Diagnositics::new(),
-            function_map,
             current_exit_label: vec![],
             while_exit_label: vec![],
             func_exit: None,
@@ -48,15 +33,22 @@ impl Generator {
         self.label_counter += 1;
         label
     }
-    pub fn emit(&mut self, compile_unit: CompileUnit) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    pub fn emit(&mut self, compile_unit: HirCompileUnit) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         self.generate_compile_unit(compile_unit)
     }
-    pub fn get_diagnostics(&self) -> &Diagnositics {
+
-        &self.diagnostic
+    fn ir_function(&self, function_id: FunctionId) -> Function {
+        let sig = self.sema.get_function_sig(function_id);
+        Function {
+            name: sig.name.clone(),
+            parameter_types: sig.parameter_types.iter().map(|ty| (*ty).into()).collect(),
+            return_type: sig.return_type.into(),
+        }
     }
-    fn generate_compile_unit(&mut self, compile_unit: CompileUnit) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+
+    fn generate_compile_unit(&mut self, compile_unit: HirCompileUnit) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
-        use GlobalDeclStmt::*;
+        use HirGlobalDeclStmt::*;
         for decl in compile_unit.global_decls {
             match decl {
                 VarDecl(var_decl) => {
@@ -70,48 +62,29 @@ impl Generator {
         instrs
     }
 
-    fn generate_var_decl(&mut self, var_decl: VarDeclStmt, is_global: bool) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_var_decl(&mut self, var_decl: HirVarDeclStmt, is_global: bool) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         let var_type = if is_global { VariableType::Global } else { VariableType::Local };
         for value in var_decl.values {
-            match self.var_manager.declare_variable(&value.name, var_type, var_decl.data_type.into()) {
+            let var = self.var_manager.declare_symbol(value.symbol, var_type, var_decl.data_type.into());
-                Ok(var) => {
+            if is_global {
-                    if is_global { instrs.push(IRInstr::Declare(var)); }
+                instrs.push(IRInstr::Declare(var));
-                }
-                Err(e) => {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(e, value.name_span);
-                }
             }
         }
 
         instrs
     }
 
-    fn generate_func_decl(&mut self, func_decl: FuncDeclStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_func_decl(&mut self, func_decl: HirFuncDeclStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
-        if self.function_map.contains_key(&func_decl.name) {
+        let parameters: Vec<Variable> = func_decl.params.iter()
-            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::FunctionHasBeenDefined(func_decl.name.clone()), func_decl.name_span);
+            .map(|param| self.var_manager.declare_symbol(param.symbol, VariableType::Local, param.param_type.into()))
-            return vec![];
+            .collect();
-        }
-        self.current_func_return_type = Some(func_decl.return_type.into());
-        self.var_manager.enter_scope();
-        let parameters: Vec<Variable> =  match func_decl.params.iter().map(|param| {
-            match self.var_manager.declare_variable(&param.name, VariableType::Local, param.param_type.into()) {
-                Ok(var) => Ok(var),
-                Err(e) => {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(e, param.name_span);
-                    Err(())
-                }
-            }
-        }).collect() {
-            Ok(p) => p,
-            Err(()) => return vec![],
-        };
         let temp_parameters = parameters.iter().enumerate()
             .map(|(i, param)| self.var_manager.declare_param_temp(param.data_type, i))
             .collect::<Vec<_>>();
         let mut body_instrs = vec![];
         self.func_exit = Some((self.request_label(),  {
-            let ret_type = func_decl.return_type.into();
+            let ret_type = func_decl.sig.return_type.into();
             if ret_type != IRType::Void {
                 Some(self.var_manager.declare_unamed_local(ret_type))
             } else {
@@ -133,18 +106,12 @@ impl Generator {
         let func_exit = self.func_exit.take().unwrap();
         body_instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(func_exit.0));
         body_instrs.push(IRInstr::Exit(func_exit.1));
-        self.var_manager.exit_scope();
-        self.current_func_return_type = None;
         self.var_manager.clear_local_counter();
-        let func  = Function {
+        let mut func = self.ir_function(func_decl.sig.id);
-            name: func_decl.name,
+        func.parameter_types = temp_parameters.iter().map(|v| v.data_type).collect();
-            parameter_types: temp_parameters.iter().map(|v| v.data_type).collect(),
-            return_type: func_decl.return_type.into(),
-        };
-        self.function_map.insert(func.name.clone(), func.clone());
         vec![IRInstr::DefineFunc(func, temp_parameters, body_instrs)]
     }
-    fn generate_block_stmt(&mut self, block_stmt: BlockStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_block_stmt(&mut self, block_stmt: HirBlockStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         for stmt in block_stmt.statements {
             instrs.extend(self.generate_statement(stmt));
@@ -152,8 +119,8 @@ impl Generator {
         instrs
     }
 
-    fn generate_statement(&mut self, stmt: Statement) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_statement(&mut self, stmt: HirStatement) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
-        use Statement::*;
+        use HirStatement::*;
         let instrs = match stmt {
             Return(return_stmt) => self.generate_return_stmt(return_stmt),
             If(if_stmt) => self.generate_if_stmt(if_stmt),
@@ -161,10 +128,7 @@ impl Generator {
             Break(break_stmt) => self.generate_break_stmt(break_stmt),
             Continue(continue_stmt) => self.generate_continue_stmt(continue_stmt),
             Block(block_stmt) => {
-                self.var_manager.enter_scope();
+                self.generate_block_stmt(block_stmt)
-                let block_instrs = self.generate_block_stmt(block_stmt);
-                self.var_manager.exit_scope();
-                block_instrs
             },
             Expr(expr) => {
                 self.current_exit_label.push(None);
@@ -183,16 +147,11 @@ impl Generator {
         instrs
     }
 
-    fn generate_return_stmt(&mut self, return_stmt: ReturnStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_return_stmt(&mut self, return_stmt: HirReturnStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         let func_exit = self.func_exit.unwrap();
         match return_stmt.value {
             Some(expr) => {
-                if func_exit.1.is_none() {
-                    // shouldn't return value but return stmt has expr;
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::ReturnExpressionOnVoidFunction, return_stmt.span);
-                    return vec![];
-                }
                 self.current_exit_label.push(None);
                 let (value_instrs, value_var) = match self.generate_expr(expr) {
                     Some(res) => res,
@@ -202,37 +161,21 @@ impl Generator {
                     }
                 };
                 self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                if value_var.is_none() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), return_stmt.span);
-                    self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                    return vec![];
-                }
                 instrs.extend(value_instrs);
                 instrs.push(IRInstr::Move(func_exit.1.unwrap(), MoveRValue::Var(value_var.unwrap())));
-                // if value_var.is_none() {
-                //     self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), return_stmt.span);
-                //     return vec![];
-                // }
-                // let value_var = value_var.unwrap();
             }
-            None => {
+            None => {},
-                if func_exit.1.is_some() {
-                    // should return value but return stmt has no expr;
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::TypeMismatch(self.current_func_return_type.unwrap(), IRType::Void), return_stmt.span);
-                }
-            },
         }
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Goto(func_exit.0));
         instrs
     }
-    fn generate_while_stmt(&mut self, while_stmt: WhileStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_while_stmt(&mut self, while_stmt: HirWhileStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         let cond_label = self.request_label();
         let body_label = self.request_label();
         let exit_label = self.request_label();
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(cond_label));
         self.current_exit_label.push(Some((body_label, exit_label)));
-        let while_cond_span = while_stmt.condition.span;
         let (cond_instrs, cond_var) = match self.generate_expr(while_stmt.condition) {
             Some(res) => res,
             None => {
@@ -241,10 +184,6 @@ impl Generator {
             }
         };
         self.current_exit_label.pop();
-        if cond_var.is_none() {
-            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), while_cond_span);
-            return vec![];
-        }
         instrs.extend(cond_instrs);
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(body_label));
         self.while_exit_label.push((cond_label, exit_label));
@@ -254,7 +193,7 @@ impl Generator {
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(exit_label));
         instrs
     }
-    fn generate_if_stmt(&mut self, if_stmt: IfStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_if_stmt(&mut self, if_stmt: HirIfStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         let mut instrs = vec![];
         let then_label = self.request_label();
         let exit_label = self.request_label();
@@ -273,7 +212,6 @@ impl Generator {
         labels.push(exit_label);
         // now generate if expr, true exit to labels[0], false exit to labels[1]
         self.current_exit_label.push(Some((labels[0], labels[1])));
-        let cond_span = if_stmt.condition.span;
         let (cond_instrs, cond_var) = match self.generate_expr(if_stmt.condition) {
             Some(res) => res,
             None => {
@@ -282,19 +220,14 @@ impl Generator {
             }
         };
         self.current_exit_label.pop();
-        if cond_var.is_none() {
-            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), cond_span);
-            return vec![];
-        }
         instrs.extend(cond_instrs);
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(labels[0]));
         instrs.extend(self.generate_block_stmt(if_stmt.then_branch));
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Goto(exit_label));
         for (i, else_if_branch) in if_stmt.ifelse_branch.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            let IfElseBranch { condition: else_if_cond, then_branch: else_if_block } = else_if_branch;
+            let HirIfElseBranch { condition: else_if_cond, then_branch: else_if_block } = else_if_branch;
             instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(labels[i * 2 + 1]));
             self.current_exit_label.push(Some((labels[i * 2 + 2], labels[i * 2 + 3])));
-            let else_if_cond_span = else_if_cond.span;
             let (else_if_cond_instrs, else_if_cond_var) = match self.generate_expr(else_if_cond) {
                 Some(res) => res,
                 None => {
@@ -303,10 +236,6 @@ impl Generator {
                 }
             };
             self.current_exit_label.pop();
-            if else_if_cond_var.is_none() {
-                self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), else_if_cond_span);
-                return vec![];
-            }
             instrs.extend(else_if_cond_instrs);
             instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(labels[i * 2 + 2]));
             instrs.extend(self.generate_block_stmt(else_if_block));
@@ -320,71 +249,47 @@ impl Generator {
         instrs.push(IRInstr::Label(exit_label));
         instrs
     }
-    fn generate_continue_stmt(&mut self, stmt: ContinueStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_continue_stmt(&mut self, _stmt: HirContinueStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         if let Some((continue_label, _)) = self.while_exit_label.last() {
             vec![IRInstr::Goto(*continue_label)]
         } else {
-            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::ContinueOutsideLoop, stmt.span);
             vec![]
         }
     }
-    fn generate_break_stmt(&mut self, stmt: BreakStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
+    fn generate_break_stmt(&mut self, _stmt: HirBreakStmt) -> Vec<IRInstr> {
         if let Some((_, break_label)) = self.while_exit_label.last() {
             vec![IRInstr::Goto(*break_label)]
         } else {
-            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::BreakOutsideLoop, stmt.span);
             vec![]
         }
     }
-    fn generate_expr(&mut self, expr: Expr) -> Option<(Vec<IRInstr>, Option<Variable>)> {
+    fn generate_expr(&mut self, expr: HirExpr) -> Option<(Vec<IRInstr>, Option<Variable>)> {
         // there may be some expr that doesn't produce value, like void func call
         let (mut instrs, var) = match expr.value {
-            ExprValue::IntLit(i) => {
+            HirExprValue::IntLit(i) => {
                 // TODO: convert check
                 let var = self.var_manager.declare_temp(IRType::I32);
                 (vec![IRInstr::Move(var, MoveRValue::ConstInt(i as i32))], Some(var))
             },
-            ExprValue::Var(name) => {
+            HirExprValue::Var(symbol) => {
-                if let Some(var) = self.var_manager.get_variable(&name) {
+                let var = self.var_manager.get_symbol(symbol).unwrap();
-                    (vec![], Some(var))
+                (vec![], Some(var))
-                } else {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::VariableNotFound(name.clone()), expr.span);
-                    return None;
-                }
             },
-            ExprValue::Assign { lvalue, rvalue } => {
+            HirExprValue::Assign { lvalue, rvalue } => {
-                // TODO: only support simple variable assignment now, need to support more complex lvalue in the future
+                let var = if let HirExprValue::Var(symbol) = lvalue.value {
-                if let ExprValue::Var(name) = lvalue.value {
+                    self.var_manager.get_symbol(symbol).unwrap()
-                    let var = match self.var_manager.get_variable(&name) {
-                        Some(var) => var,
-                        None => {
-                            self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::VariableNotFound(name.clone()), lvalue.span);
-                            return None;
-                        }
-                    };
-                    self.current_exit_label.push(None);
-                    let rvalue_span = rvalue.span;
-                    let (mut instrs, rvalue_var) = self.generate_expr(*rvalue)?;
-                    self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                    // TODO: further check
-                    // if var.data_type != rvalue_var.data_type {
-                    //     self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::TypeMismatch(var.data_type, rvalue_var.data_type), lvalue.span);
-                    //     return (vec![], None);
-                    // }
-                    if rvalue_var.is_none() {
-                        self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), rvalue_span);
-                        return None;
-                    }
-                    instrs.push(IRInstr::Move(var, MoveRValue::Var(rvalue_var.unwrap())));
-                    let temp_var = self.var_manager.declare_temp(var.data_type);
-                    instrs.push(IRInstr::Move(temp_var, MoveRValue::Var(var)));
-                    (instrs, Some(temp_var))
                 } else {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidAssignmentTarget, lvalue.span);
                     return None;
-                }
+                };
+                self.current_exit_label.push(None);
+                let (mut instrs, rvalue_var) = self.generate_expr(*rvalue)?;
+                self.current_exit_label.pop();
+                instrs.push(IRInstr::Move(var, MoveRValue::Var(rvalue_var.unwrap())));
+                let temp_var = self.var_manager.declare_temp(var.data_type);
+                instrs.push(IRInstr::Move(temp_var, MoveRValue::Var(var)));
+                (instrs, Some(temp_var))
             },
-            ExprValue::UnaryOp { op, operand } => {
+            HirExprValue::UnaryOp { op, operand } => {
                 let mut parent_is_logical = true;
                 let exit_passdown = if matches!(op, AstUnaryOp::Not) {
                     Some(self.current_exit_label.last().cloned().flatten().map_or_else(|| {
@@ -409,13 +314,8 @@ impl Generator {
 
 
                 self.current_exit_label.push(exit_passdown);
-                let operand_span = operand.span;
                 let (mut instrs, operand_var) = self.generate_expr(*operand)?;
                 self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                if operand_var.is_none() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), operand_span);
-                    return None;
-                }
                 let operand_var = operand_var.unwrap();
                 let dest_var = match op {
                     AstUnaryOp::Add => {
@@ -449,10 +349,7 @@ impl Generator {
                 };
                 (instrs, Some(dest_var))
             },
-            ExprValue::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
+            HirExprValue::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
-                let lhs_span = lhs.span;
-                let rhs_span = rhs.span;
-
                 // +--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+-------------------------+
                 // | parent | (true_exit, false_exit) | (true_exit, false_exit) | (true_exit, false_exit) |
                 // | self   | and(next)               | or(next)                | others                  |
@@ -494,18 +391,10 @@ impl Generator {
                 self.current_exit_label.push(lhs_exit_passdown);
                 let (mut instrs, left_var) = self.generate_expr(*lhs)?;
                 self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                if left_var.is_none() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), lhs_span);
-                    return None;
-                }
                 let mut left_var = left_var.unwrap();
                 self.current_exit_label.push(rhs_exit_passdown);
                 let (right_instrs, right_var) = self.generate_expr(*rhs)?;
                 self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                if right_var.is_none() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidOperand(IRType::Void), rhs_span);
-                    return None;
-                }
                 let mut right_var = right_var.unwrap();
                 // check implicit convert
                 let convert_to;
@@ -513,13 +402,7 @@ impl Generator {
                     // we dont really care since we use cmp
                     convert_to = left_var.data_type;
                 } else {
-                    if let Some(ty) = IRType::get_elevate_result(left_var.data_type, right_var.data_type) {
+                    convert_to = IRType::get_elevate_result(left_var.data_type, right_var.data_type).unwrap();
-                        convert_to = ty;
-                    } else {
-                        self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::IncompatiableOperand(left_var.data_type, right_var.data_type), lhs_span);
-                        self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::IncompatiableOperand(left_var.data_type, right_var.data_type), rhs_span);
-                        return None;
-                    } 
                 }
                 // do implicit convert if needed
                 // TODO: further check
@@ -606,50 +489,18 @@ impl Generator {
                 // }
                 (instrs, Some(dest_var))
             },
-            ExprValue::FuncCall(func_name, args) => {
+            HirExprValue::FuncCall(func_id, args) => {
                 let mut instrs = vec![];
                 let mut arg_vars = vec![];
-                let func_def = if let Some(func_def) = self.function_map.get(&func_name) {
+                let func_def = self.ir_function(func_id);
-                    func_def
-                } else {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::FunctionNotFound(func_name.clone()), expr.span);
-                    return None;
-                }.clone();
 
-                if args.len() < func_def.parameter_types.len() {
+                for arg in args.into_iter() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::TooFewArguments(func_def.parameter_types.len(), args.len()), expr.span);
-                    return None;
-                }
-                if args.len() > func_def.parameter_types.len() {
-                    self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::TooManyArguments(func_def.parameter_types.len(), args.len()), expr.span);
-                    return None;
-                }
-                let mut has_error = false;
-                for parameter_type in &func_def.parameter_types {
-                    if matches!(parameter_type, IRType::Void) {
-                        self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::InvalidParameterType(IRType::Void), expr.span);
-                        has_error = true;
-                    }
-                }
-                if has_error {
-                    return None;
-                }
-                for (i, arg) in args.into_iter().enumerate() {
                     self.current_exit_label.push(None);
                     let (arg_instrs, arg_var) = self.generate_expr(arg)?;
                     self.current_exit_label.pop();
-                    let parameter_type = func_def.parameter_types.get(i).unwrap();
-                    if *parameter_type != arg_var.map_or(IRType::Void, |v| v.data_type) {
-                        self.diagnostic.add_from_ir_error(IRError::TypeMismatch(*parameter_type, arg_var.map_or(IRType::Void, |v| v.data_type)), expr.span);
-                        has_error = true;
-                        continue;
-                    }
                     instrs.extend(arg_instrs);
                     arg_vars.push(arg_var.unwrap());
                 }
-                if has_error {
-                    return None;
-                }
                 let ret_variable = if matches!(func_def.return_type, IRType::Void) {
                     None
                 } else {
@@ -671,8 +522,7 @@ impl Generator {
 }
 
 struct VariableManager {
-    variable_map: BTreeMap<String, Vec<Variable>>,
+    variable_map: BTreeMap<SymbolId, Variable>,
-    scopes: Vec<BTreeSet<String>>,
     global_counter: usize,
     local_counter: usize,
     local_var_type: Vec<Variable>,
@@ -682,27 +532,12 @@ impl VariableManager {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self {
             variable_map: BTreeMap::new(),
-            scopes: vec![BTreeSet::new()],
             global_counter: 0,
             local_counter: 0,
             local_var_type: vec![],
         }
     }
-    pub fn enter_scope(&mut self) {
+    fn declare_symbol(&mut self, symbol: SymbolId, var_type: VariableType, var_data_type: IRType) -> Variable {
-        self.scopes.push(BTreeSet::new());
-    }
-
-    pub fn exit_scope(&mut self) {
-        let variables = self.scopes.pop().unwrap();
-        for var in variables {
-            self.variable_map.get_mut(&var).unwrap().pop();
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn declare_variable(&mut self, name: &str, var_type: VariableType, var_data_type: IRType) -> Result<Variable, IRError> {
-        if self.scopes.last().unwrap().contains(name) {
-            return Err(IRError::VariableHasBeenDefined(name.to_string()));
-        }
         let variable = match var_type {
             VariableType::Global => {
                 let var = Variable { index: self.global_counter, var_type, data_type: var_data_type };
@@ -716,18 +551,11 @@ impl VariableManager {
             }
             _ => unreachable!(),
         };
-        self.variable_map.entry(name.to_string()).or_default().push(variable);
+        self.variable_map.insert(symbol, variable);
-        self.scopes.last_mut().unwrap().insert(name.to_string());
         if matches!(var_type, VariableType::Local) {
             self.local_var_type.push(variable);
         }
-        Ok(variable)
+        variable
-    }
-    pub fn declare_gloabal(&mut self, name: &str, var_data_type: IRType) -> Result<Variable, IRError> {
-        self.declare_variable(name, VariableType::Global, var_data_type)
-    }
-    pub fn declare_local(&mut self, name: &str, var_data_type: IRType) -> Result<Variable, IRError> {
-        self.declare_variable(name, VariableType::Local, var_data_type)
     }
     pub fn declare_temp(&mut self, var_data_type: IRType) -> Variable {
         let var = Variable { index: self.local_counter, var_type: VariableType::Temp, data_type: var_data_type };
@@ -750,12 +578,13 @@ impl VariableManager {
     pub fn clear_local_counter(&mut self) {
         self.local_counter = 0;
         self.local_var_type.clear();
+        self.variable_map.retain(|_, var| matches!(var.var_type, VariableType::Global));
     }
     pub fn get_cur_func_variables(&self) -> Vec<Variable> {
         self.local_var_type.iter().cloned().collect()
     }
-    pub fn get_variable(&self, name: &str) -> Option<Variable> {
+    pub fn get_symbol(&self, symbol: SymbolId) -> Option<Variable> {
-        self.variable_map.get(name).and_then(|vars| vars.last()).cloned()
+        self.variable_map.get(&symbol).cloned()
     }
 
 }
@@ -769,6 +598,7 @@ mod tests {
     use std::io::Write;
     use crate::frontend::lexer::Lexer;
     use crate::frontend::parser::Parser;
+    use crate::sema::analyzer::Analyzer;
     use crate::utils::case_list::CaseList;
     use crate::utils::num_sequence::NumberSequence;
 
@@ -806,12 +636,14 @@ mod tests {
                 parser.diagnostics.print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
                 is_error = true;
             }
-            let mut generator = Generator::new();
+            let mut analyzer = Analyzer::new();
-            let ir = generator.emit(compile_unit);
+            let hir = analyzer.analyze(compile_unit);
-            if !generator.diagnostic.is_empty() {
+            if !analyzer.get_diagnostics().is_empty() {
-                generator.diagnostic.print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
+                analyzer.get_diagnostics().print(&format!("{}", case_path.display()), &full_text);
                 is_error = true;
             }
+            let mut generator = Generator::new(&analyzer);
+            let ir = generator.emit(hir);
             let mut ir_file = File::create(format!("output/{}.ir", case_name)).unwrap();
             for instr in ir {
                 writeln!(ir_file, "{}", instr).unwrap();
@@ -838,4 +670,4 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_func() {
         test_case("12-13,58-60");
     }
-}
+}

src/main.rs

@@ -5,12 +5,13 @@ mod backend;
 mod utils;
 mod diagnostic;
 mod err;
+mod sema;
 
 use std::{fs::File, io::BufRead};
 
 use clap::Parser as ArgParser;
 
-use crate::{frontend::{lexer::Lexer, parser::Parser}, ir::generator::Generator};
+use crate::{frontend::{lexer::Lexer, parser::Parser}, ir::generator::Generator, sema::analyzer::Analyzer};
 use crate::backend::generator::Generator as ASMGerenerator;
 /// Simple minic compiler built by Rust
 #[derive(ArgParser, Debug)]
@@ -78,11 +79,13 @@ fn main() {
     if !parser.diagnostics.is_empty() {
         parser.diagnostics.print(&format!("{}", source_path.display()), &full_text);
     }
-    let mut generator = Generator::new();
+    let mut analyzer = Analyzer::new();
-    let ir = generator.emit(compile_unit);
+    let hir = analyzer.analyze(compile_unit);
-    if !generator.get_diagnostics().is_empty() {
+    if !analyzer.get_diagnostics().is_empty() {
-        generator.get_diagnostics().print(&format!("{}", source_path.display()), &full_text);
+        analyzer.get_diagnostics().print(&format!("{}", source_path.display()), &full_text);
     }
+    let mut generator = Generator::new(&analyzer);
+    let ir = generator.emit(hir);
     if args.output_ir {
         if let Some(output_path) = args.output {
             match std::fs::write(&output_path, ir.iter().map(|instr| instr.to_string()).collect::<Vec<_>>().join("\n")) {

src/sema/analyzer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,449 @@
+use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+use crate::{
+    ast::types::{
+        BinaryOp, BlockStmt, BreakStmt, CompileUnit, ContinueStmt, Expr, ExprValue, FuncDeclStmt,
+        GlobalDeclStmt, IfElseBranch, IfStmt, ReturnStmt, Statement, VarDeclStmt, WhileStmt,
+    },
+    diagnostic::{span::Span, Diagnositics},
+    sema::{
+        err::SemaError,
+        hir::{
+            HirBlockStmt, HirBreakStmt, HirCompileUnit, HirContinueStmt, HirExpr, HirExprValue,
+            HirFuncDeclStmt, HirGlobalDeclStmt, HirIfElseBranch, HirIfStmt, HirParam,
+            HirReturnStmt, HirStatement, HirVarDeclStmt, HirVarDeclStmtValue, HirWhileStmt,
+        },
+        symbol::{FunctionId, FunctionSig, SymbolId, SymbolKind, SymbolTable},
+        types::SemaType,
+    },
+};
+
+pub struct Analyzer {
+    symbols: SymbolTable,
+    function_map: BTreeMap<String, FunctionId>,
+    functions: Vec<FunctionSig>,
+    current_func_return_type: Option<SemaType>,
+    diagnostic: Diagnositics,
+    loop_depth: usize,
+}
+
+impl Analyzer {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let mut analyzer = Self {
+            symbols: SymbolTable::new(),
+            function_map: BTreeMap::new(),
+            functions: vec![],
+            current_func_return_type: None,
+            diagnostic: Diagnositics::new(),
+            loop_depth: 0,
+        };
+        analyzer.declare_builtin_func("putint", vec![SemaType::I32], SemaType::Void);
+        analyzer.declare_builtin_func("getint", vec![], SemaType::I32);
+        analyzer
+    }
+
+    pub fn analyze(&mut self, compile_unit: CompileUnit) -> HirCompileUnit {
+        self.analyze_compile_unit(compile_unit)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_diagnostics(&self) -> &Diagnositics {
+        &self.diagnostic
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_symbol_type(&self, symbol: SymbolId) -> SemaType {
+        self.symbols.get_symbol(symbol).ty
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_symbol_kind(&self, symbol: SymbolId) -> SymbolKind {
+        self.symbols.get_symbol(symbol).kind
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_function_sig(&self, function: FunctionId) -> &FunctionSig {
+        &self.functions[function.0]
+    }
+
+    fn declare_builtin_func(&mut self, name: &str, parameter_types: Vec<SemaType>, return_type: SemaType) {
+        let id = FunctionId(self.functions.len());
+        let sig = FunctionSig {
+            id,
+            name: name.to_string(),
+            return_type,
+            parameter_types,
+        };
+        self.function_map.insert(name.to_string(), id);
+        self.functions.push(sig);
+    }
+
+    fn add_error(&mut self, error: SemaError, span: Span) {
+        self.diagnostic.add_from_error(error, span);
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_compile_unit(&mut self, compile_unit: CompileUnit) -> HirCompileUnit {
+        let mut global_decls = vec![];
+        for decl in compile_unit.global_decls {
+            match decl {
+                GlobalDeclStmt::VarDecl(var_decl) => {
+                    global_decls.push(HirGlobalDeclStmt::VarDecl(self.analyze_var_decl(var_decl, SymbolKind::Global)));
+                }
+                GlobalDeclStmt::FuncDecl(func_decl) => {
+                    if let Some(func_decl) = self.analyze_func_decl(func_decl) {
+                        global_decls.push(HirGlobalDeclStmt::FuncDecl(func_decl));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        HirCompileUnit { global_decls }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_var_decl(&mut self, var_decl: VarDeclStmt, kind: SymbolKind) -> HirVarDeclStmt {
+        let data_type = var_decl.data_type.into();
+        let mut values = vec![];
+        for value in var_decl.values {
+            match self.symbols.declare_variable(&value.name, kind, data_type) {
+                Ok(symbol) => values.push(HirVarDeclStmtValue {
+                    symbol,
+                    name_span: value.name_span,
+                }),
+                Err(e) => self.add_error(e, value.name_span),
+            }
+        }
+        HirVarDeclStmt {
+            values,
+            data_type,
+            type_span: var_decl.type_span,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_func_decl(&mut self, func_decl: FuncDeclStmt) -> Option<HirFuncDeclStmt> {
+        if self.function_map.contains_key(&func_decl.name) {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::FunctionHasBeenDefined(func_decl.name.clone()), func_decl.name_span);
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let function_id = FunctionId(self.functions.len());
+        let parameter_types = func_decl.params.iter().map(|param| param.param_type.into()).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let return_type = func_decl.return_type.into();
+        let sig = FunctionSig {
+            id: function_id,
+            name: func_decl.name.clone(),
+            return_type,
+            parameter_types,
+        };
+        self.function_map.insert(func_decl.name.clone(), function_id);
+        self.functions.push(sig.clone());
+
+        self.current_func_return_type = Some(return_type);
+        self.symbols.enter_scope();
+
+        let mut params = vec![];
+        for param in func_decl.params {
+            let param_type = param.param_type.into();
+            match self.symbols.declare_variable(&param.name, SymbolKind::Param, param_type) {
+                Ok(symbol) => params.push(HirParam {
+                    symbol,
+                    param_type,
+                    name_span: param.name_span,
+                    type_span: param.type_span,
+                }),
+                Err(e) => self.add_error(e, param.name_span),
+            }
+        }
+
+        let body = self.analyze_block_stmt(func_decl.body);
+        self.symbols.exit_scope();
+        self.current_func_return_type = None;
+
+        Some(HirFuncDeclStmt {
+            sig,
+            params,
+            body,
+            ret_type_span: func_decl.ret_type_span,
+            name_span: func_decl.name_span,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_block_stmt(&mut self, block_stmt: BlockStmt) -> HirBlockStmt {
+        let mut statements = vec![];
+        for stmt in block_stmt.statements {
+            if let Some(stmt) = self.analyze_statement(stmt) {
+                statements.push(stmt);
+            }
+        }
+        HirBlockStmt { statements }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_statement(&mut self, stmt: Statement) -> Option<HirStatement> {
+        match stmt {
+            Statement::Return(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::Return(self.analyze_return_stmt(stmt))),
+            Statement::If(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::If(self.analyze_if_stmt(stmt))),
+            Statement::While(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::While(self.analyze_while_stmt(stmt))),
+            Statement::Break(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::Break(self.analyze_break_stmt(stmt))),
+            Statement::Continue(stmt) => Some(HirStatement::Continue(self.analyze_continue_stmt(stmt))),
+            Statement::Block(stmt) => {
+                self.symbols.enter_scope();
+                let block = self.analyze_block_stmt(stmt);
+                self.symbols.exit_scope();
+                Some(HirStatement::Block(block))
+            }
+            Statement::Expr(expr) => self.analyze_expr(expr).map(HirStatement::Expr),
+            Statement::VarDecl(var_decl) => Some(HirStatement::VarDecl(self.analyze_var_decl(var_decl, SymbolKind::Local))),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_return_stmt(&mut self, return_stmt: ReturnStmt) -> HirReturnStmt {
+        let expected_ty = self.current_func_return_type.unwrap();
+        let value = match return_stmt.value {
+            Some(expr) => {
+                if expected_ty == SemaType::Void {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::ReturnExpressionOnVoidFunction, return_stmt.span);
+                    None
+                } else {
+                    match self.analyze_expr(expr) {
+                        Some(expr) => {
+                            if expr.ty == SemaType::Void {
+                                self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), return_stmt.span);
+                            } else if expr.ty != expected_ty {
+                                self.add_error(SemaError::TypeMismatch(expected_ty, expr.ty), return_stmt.span);
+                            }
+                            Some(expr)
+                        }
+                        None => None,
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            None => {
+                if expected_ty != SemaType::Void {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::TypeMismatch(expected_ty, SemaType::Void), return_stmt.span);
+                }
+                None
+            }
+        };
+        HirReturnStmt {
+            value,
+            span: return_stmt.span,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_if_stmt(&mut self, if_stmt: IfStmt) -> HirIfStmt {
+        let condition = self.analyze_condition_expr(if_stmt.condition);
+        let then_branch = self.analyze_block_stmt(if_stmt.then_branch);
+        let mut ifelse_branch = vec![];
+        for branch in if_stmt.ifelse_branch {
+            let IfElseBranch { condition, then_branch } = branch;
+            ifelse_branch.push(HirIfElseBranch {
+                condition: self.analyze_condition_expr(condition),
+                then_branch: self.analyze_block_stmt(then_branch),
+            });
+        }
+        let else_branch = if_stmt.else_branch.map(|block| self.analyze_block_stmt(block));
+        HirIfStmt {
+            condition,
+            then_branch,
+            ifelse_branch,
+            else_branch,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_while_stmt(&mut self, while_stmt: WhileStmt) -> HirWhileStmt {
+        let condition = self.analyze_condition_expr(while_stmt.condition);
+        self.loop_depth += 1;
+        let body = self.analyze_block_stmt(while_stmt.body);
+        self.loop_depth -= 1;
+        HirWhileStmt {
+            condition,
+            body,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_break_stmt(&mut self, stmt: BreakStmt) -> HirBreakStmt {
+        if self.loop_depth == 0 {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::BreakOutsideLoop, stmt.span);
+        }
+        HirBreakStmt { span: stmt.span }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_continue_stmt(&mut self, stmt: ContinueStmt) -> HirContinueStmt {
+        if self.loop_depth == 0 {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::ContinueOutsideLoop, stmt.span);
+        }
+        HirContinueStmt { span: stmt.span }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_condition_expr(&mut self, expr: Expr) -> HirExpr {
+        let span = expr.span;
+        match self.analyze_expr(expr) {
+            Some(expr) => {
+                if expr.ty == SemaType::Void {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), span);
+                }
+                expr
+            }
+            None => HirExpr {
+                value: HirExprValue::IntLit(0),
+                ty: SemaType::I32,
+                span,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_expr(&mut self, expr: Expr) -> Option<HirExpr> {
+        let span = expr.span;
+        match expr.value {
+            ExprValue::IntLit(value) => Some(HirExpr {
+                value: HirExprValue::IntLit(value),
+                ty: SemaType::I32,
+                span,
+            }),
+            ExprValue::Var(name) => {
+                let symbol = match self.symbols.get_variable(&name) {
+                    Some(symbol) => symbol,
+                    None => {
+                        self.add_error(SemaError::VariableNotFound(name), span);
+                        return None;
+                    }
+                };
+                Some(HirExpr {
+                    value: HirExprValue::Var(symbol),
+                    ty: self.symbols.get_symbol(symbol).ty,
+                    span,
+                })
+            }
+            ExprValue::Assign { lvalue, rvalue } => self.analyze_assign_expr(*lvalue, *rvalue, span),
+            ExprValue::UnaryOp { op, operand } => {
+                let operand_span = operand.span;
+                let operand = self.analyze_expr(*operand)?;
+                if operand.ty == SemaType::Void {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), operand_span);
+                    return None;
+                }
+                let ty = match op {
+                    crate::ast::types::UnaryOp::Not => SemaType::I1,
+                    _ => operand.ty,
+                };
+                Some(HirExpr {
+                    value: HirExprValue::UnaryOp {
+                        op,
+                        operand: Box::new(operand),
+                    },
+                    ty,
+                    span,
+                })
+            }
+            ExprValue::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => self.analyze_binary_expr(*lhs, op, *rhs, span),
+            ExprValue::FuncCall(func_name, args) => self.analyze_func_call_expr(func_name, args, span),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_assign_expr(&mut self, lvalue: Expr, rvalue: Expr, span: Span) -> Option<HirExpr> {
+        if !matches!(lvalue.value, ExprValue::Var(_)) {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidAssignmentTarget, lvalue.span);
+            return None;
+        }
+        let lvalue = self.analyze_expr(lvalue)?;
+        let rvalue_span = rvalue.span;
+        let rvalue = self.analyze_expr(rvalue)?;
+        if rvalue.ty == SemaType::Void {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), rvalue_span);
+            return None;
+        }
+        Some(HirExpr {
+            ty: lvalue.ty,
+            value: HirExprValue::Assign {
+                lvalue: Box::new(lvalue),
+                rvalue: Box::new(rvalue),
+            },
+            span,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_binary_expr(&mut self, lhs: Expr, op: BinaryOp, rhs: Expr, span: Span) -> Option<HirExpr> {
+        let lhs_span = lhs.span;
+        let rhs_span = rhs.span;
+        let lhs = self.analyze_expr(lhs)?;
+        let rhs = self.analyze_expr(rhs)?;
+        if lhs.ty == SemaType::Void {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), lhs_span);
+            return None;
+        }
+        if rhs.ty == SemaType::Void {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidOperand(SemaType::Void), rhs_span);
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let result_ty = if op.is_logical() {
+            SemaType::I1
+        } else {
+            match SemaType::get_elevate_result(lhs.ty, rhs.ty) {
+                Some(_) if op.is_cmp() => SemaType::I1,
+                Some(ty) => ty,
+                None => {
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::IncompatiableOperand(lhs.ty, rhs.ty), lhs_span);
+                    self.add_error(SemaError::IncompatiableOperand(lhs.ty, rhs.ty), rhs_span);
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        Some(HirExpr {
+            value: HirExprValue::BinaryOp {
+                lhs: Box::new(lhs),
+                op,
+                rhs: Box::new(rhs),
+            },
+            ty: result_ty,
+            span,
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn analyze_func_call_expr(&mut self, func_name: String, args: Vec<Expr>, span: Span) -> Option<HirExpr> {
+        let func_id = match self.function_map.get(&func_name).cloned() {
+            Some(func_id) => func_id,
+            None => {
+                self.add_error(SemaError::FunctionNotFound(func_name), span);
+                return None;
+            }
+        };
+        let func_def = self.functions[func_id.0].clone();
+
+        if args.len() < func_def.parameter_types.len() {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::TooFewArguments(func_def.parameter_types.len(), args.len()), span);
+            return None;
+        }
+        if args.len() > func_def.parameter_types.len() {
+            self.add_error(SemaError::TooManyArguments(func_def.parameter_types.len(), args.len()), span);
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let mut has_error = false;
+        for parameter_type in &func_def.parameter_types {
+            if matches!(parameter_type, SemaType::Void) {
+                self.add_error(SemaError::InvalidParameterType(SemaType::Void), span);
+                has_error = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if has_error {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let mut hir_args = vec![];
+        for (i, arg) in args.into_iter().enumerate() {
+            let arg = self.analyze_expr(arg)?;
+            let parameter_type = func_def.parameter_types[i];
+            if parameter_type != arg.ty {
+                self.add_error(SemaError::TypeMismatch(parameter_type, arg.ty), span);
+                has_error = true;
+                continue;
+            }
+            hir_args.push(arg);
+        }
+        if has_error {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(HirExpr {
+            value: HirExprValue::FuncCall(func_id, hir_args),
+            ty: func_def.return_type,
+            span,
+        })
+    }
+}

src/sema/err.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+use thiserror::Error;
+
+use crate::sema::types::SemaType;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Error)]
+pub enum SemaError {
+    #[error("variable `{0}` not found")]
+    VariableNotFound(String),
+    #[error("variable `{0}` has already been defined")]
+    VariableHasBeenDefined(String),
+    #[error("function `{0}` not found")]
+    FunctionNotFound(String),
+    #[error("function `{0}` has already been defined")]
+    FunctionHasBeenDefined(String),
+    #[error("incompatible operands: {0} and {1}")]
+    IncompatiableOperand(SemaType, SemaType),
+    #[error("invalid operand type: {0}")]
+    InvalidOperand(SemaType),
+    #[error("too few arguments: expected {0}, got {1}")]
+    TooFewArguments(usize, usize),
+    #[error("too many arguments: expected {0}, got {1}")]
+    TooManyArguments(usize, usize),
+    #[error("type mismatch, expected {0}, got {1}")]
+    TypeMismatch(SemaType, SemaType),
+    #[error("invalid assignment target")]
+    InvalidAssignmentTarget,
+    #[error("break statement outside of loop")]
+    BreakOutsideLoop,
+    #[error("continue statement outside of loop")]
+    ContinueOutsideLoop,
+    #[error("invalid parameter type: {0}")]
+    InvalidParameterType(SemaType),
+    #[error("return expression on void function")]
+    ReturnExpressionOnVoidFunction,
+}

src/sema/hir.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+use crate::{ast::types::{BinaryOp, UnaryOp}, diagnostic::span::Span, sema::{symbol::{FunctionId, FunctionSig, SymbolId}, types::SemaType}};
+
+pub struct HirCompileUnit {
+    pub global_decls: Vec<HirGlobalDeclStmt>,
+}
+
+pub enum HirGlobalDeclStmt {
+    VarDecl(HirVarDeclStmt),
+    FuncDecl(HirFuncDeclStmt),
+}
+
+pub struct HirVarDeclStmt {
+    pub values: Vec<HirVarDeclStmtValue>,
+    pub data_type: SemaType,
+    pub type_span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirVarDeclStmtValue {
+    pub symbol: SymbolId,
+    pub name_span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirFuncDeclStmt {
+    pub sig: FunctionSig,
+    pub params: Vec<HirParam>,
+    pub body: HirBlockStmt,
+    pub ret_type_span: Span,
+    pub name_span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirParam {
+    pub symbol: SymbolId,
+    pub param_type: SemaType,
+    pub name_span: Span,
+    pub type_span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirBlockStmt {
+    pub statements: Vec<HirStatement>,
+}
+
+pub enum HirStatement {
+    Return(HirReturnStmt),
+    Block(HirBlockStmt),
+    Expr(HirExpr),
+    VarDecl(HirVarDeclStmt),
+    If(HirIfStmt),
+    While(HirWhileStmt),
+    Break(HirBreakStmt),
+    Continue(HirContinueStmt),
+}
+
+pub struct HirIfStmt {
+    pub condition: HirExpr,
+    pub then_branch: HirBlockStmt,
+    pub ifelse_branch: Vec<HirIfElseBranch>,
+    pub else_branch: Option<HirBlockStmt>,
+}
+
+pub struct HirIfElseBranch {
+    pub condition: HirExpr,
+    pub then_branch: HirBlockStmt,
+}
+
+pub struct HirWhileStmt {
+    pub condition: HirExpr,
+    pub body: HirBlockStmt,
+}
+
+pub struct HirBreakStmt {
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirContinueStmt {
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirReturnStmt {
+    pub value: Option<HirExpr>,
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+pub struct HirExpr {
+    pub value: HirExprValue,
+    pub ty: SemaType,
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+pub enum HirExprValue {
+    IntLit(i64),
+    Var(SymbolId),
+    BinaryOp {
+        lhs: Box<HirExpr>,
+        op: BinaryOp,
+        rhs: Box<HirExpr>,
+    },
+    UnaryOp {
+        op: UnaryOp,
+        operand: Box<HirExpr>,
+    },
+    FuncCall(FunctionId, Vec<HirExpr>),
+    Assign {
+        lvalue: Box<HirExpr>,
+        rvalue: Box<HirExpr>,
+    },
+}

src/sema/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+pub mod analyzer;
+pub mod err;
+pub mod hir;
+pub mod symbol;
+pub mod types;

src/sema/symbol.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+
+use crate::sema::{err::SemaError, types::SemaType};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+pub struct SymbolId(pub usize);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SymbolKind {
+    Global,
+    Local,
+    Param,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Symbol {
+    pub id: SymbolId,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub ty: SemaType,
+    pub kind: SymbolKind,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+pub struct FunctionId(pub usize);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct FunctionSig {
+    pub id: FunctionId,
+    pub name: String,
+    pub return_type: SemaType,
+    pub parameter_types: Vec<SemaType>,
+}
+
+pub struct SymbolTable {
+    symbols: Vec<Symbol>,
+    variable_map: BTreeMap<String, Vec<SymbolId>>,
+    scopes: Vec<BTreeSet<String>>,
+}
+
+impl SymbolTable {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            symbols: vec![],
+            variable_map: BTreeMap::new(),
+            scopes: vec![BTreeSet::new()],
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn enter_scope(&mut self) {
+        self.scopes.push(BTreeSet::new());
+    }
+
+    pub fn exit_scope(&mut self) {
+        let variables = self.scopes.pop().unwrap();
+        for var in variables {
+            self.variable_map.get_mut(&var).unwrap().pop();
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn declare_variable(&mut self, name: &str, kind: SymbolKind, ty: SemaType) -> Result<SymbolId, SemaError> {
+        if self.scopes.last().unwrap().contains(name) {
+            return Err(SemaError::VariableHasBeenDefined(name.to_string()));
+        }
+        let id = SymbolId(self.symbols.len());
+        self.symbols.push(Symbol {
+            id,
+            name: name.to_string(),
+            ty,
+            kind,
+        });
+        self.variable_map.entry(name.to_string()).or_default().push(id);
+        self.scopes.last_mut().unwrap().insert(name.to_string());
+        Ok(id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_variable(&self, name: &str) -> Option<SymbolId> {
+        self.variable_map.get(name).and_then(|vars| vars.last()).cloned()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_symbol(&self, id: SymbolId) -> &Symbol {
+        &self.symbols[id.0]
+    }
+}

src/sema/types.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+use std::fmt::Display;
+
+use crate::{ast::types::Type as AstType, ir::types::IRType};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SemaType {
+    I32,
+    I1,
+    Void,
+}
+
+impl SemaType {
+    pub fn get_elevate_result(lhs: SemaType, rhs: SemaType) -> Option<SemaType> {
+        if lhs == rhs {
+            Some(lhs)
+        } else if (lhs == SemaType::I32 && rhs == SemaType::I1) || (lhs == SemaType::I1 && rhs == SemaType::I32) {
+            Some(SemaType::I32)
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for SemaType {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            SemaType::I32 => write!(f, "i32"),
+            SemaType::I1 => write!(f, "i1"),
+            SemaType::Void => write!(f, "void"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<AstType> for SemaType {
+    fn from(value: AstType) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            AstType::Int => SemaType::I32,
+            AstType::Void => SemaType::Void,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<SemaType> for IRType {
+    fn from(value: SemaType) -> Self {
+        match value {
+            SemaType::I32 => IRType::I32,
+            SemaType::I1 => IRType::I1,
+            SemaType::Void => IRType::Void,
+        }
+    }
+}